punycode.py 6.9 KB

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  1. # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-
  2. """ Codec for the Punicode encoding, as specified in RFC 3492
  3. Written by Martin v. Löwis.
  4. """
  5. import codecs
  6. ##################### Encoding #####################################
  7. def segregate(str):
  8. """3.1 Basic code point segregation"""
  9. base = []
  10. extended = {}
  11. for c in str:
  12. if ord(c) < 128:
  13. base.append(c)
  14. else:
  15. extended[c] = 1
  16. extended = extended.keys()
  17. extended.sort()
  18. return "".join(base).encode("ascii"),extended
  19. def selective_len(str, max):
  20. """Return the length of str, considering only characters below max."""
  21. res = 0
  22. for c in str:
  23. if ord(c) < max:
  24. res += 1
  25. return res
  26. def selective_find(str, char, index, pos):
  27. """Return a pair (index, pos), indicating the next occurrence of
  28. char in str. index is the position of the character considering
  29. only ordinals up to and including char, and pos is the position in
  30. the full string. index/pos is the starting position in the full
  31. string."""
  32. l = len(str)
  33. while 1:
  34. pos += 1
  35. if pos == l:
  36. return (-1, -1)
  37. c = str[pos]
  38. if c == char:
  39. return index+1, pos
  40. elif c < char:
  41. index += 1
  42. def insertion_unsort(str, extended):
  43. """3.2 Insertion unsort coding"""
  44. oldchar = 0x80
  45. result = []
  46. oldindex = -1
  47. for c in extended:
  48. index = pos = -1
  49. char = ord(c)
  50. curlen = selective_len(str, char)
  51. delta = (curlen+1) * (char - oldchar)
  52. while 1:
  53. index,pos = selective_find(str,c,index,pos)
  54. if index == -1:
  55. break
  56. delta += index - oldindex
  57. result.append(delta-1)
  58. oldindex = index
  59. delta = 0
  60. oldchar = char
  61. return result
  62. def T(j, bias):
  63. # Punycode parameters: tmin = 1, tmax = 26, base = 36
  64. res = 36 * (j + 1) - bias
  65. if res < 1: return 1
  66. if res > 26: return 26
  67. return res
  68. digits = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"
  69. def generate_generalized_integer(N, bias):
  70. """3.3 Generalized variable-length integers"""
  71. result = []
  72. j = 0
  73. while 1:
  74. t = T(j, bias)
  75. if N < t:
  76. result.append(digits[N])
  77. return result
  78. result.append(digits[t + ((N - t) % (36 - t))])
  79. N = (N - t) // (36 - t)
  80. j += 1
  81. def adapt(delta, first, numchars):
  82. if first:
  83. delta //= 700
  84. else:
  85. delta //= 2
  86. delta += delta // numchars
  87. # ((base - tmin) * tmax) // 2 == 455
  88. divisions = 0
  89. while delta > 455:
  90. delta = delta // 35 # base - tmin
  91. divisions += 36
  92. bias = divisions + (36 * delta // (delta + 38))
  93. return bias
  94. def generate_integers(baselen, deltas):
  95. """3.4 Bias adaptation"""
  96. # Punycode parameters: initial bias = 72, damp = 700, skew = 38
  97. result = []
  98. bias = 72
  99. for points, delta in enumerate(deltas):
  100. s = generate_generalized_integer(delta, bias)
  101. result.extend(s)
  102. bias = adapt(delta, points==0, baselen+points+1)
  103. return "".join(result)
  104. def punycode_encode(text):
  105. base, extended = segregate(text)
  106. base = base.encode("ascii")
  107. deltas = insertion_unsort(text, extended)
  108. extended = generate_integers(len(base), deltas)
  109. if base:
  110. return base + "-" + extended
  111. return extended
  112. ##################### Decoding #####################################
  113. def decode_generalized_number(extended, extpos, bias, errors):
  114. """3.3 Generalized variable-length integers"""
  115. result = 0
  116. w = 1
  117. j = 0
  118. while 1:
  119. try:
  120. char = ord(extended[extpos])
  121. except IndexError:
  122. if errors == "strict":
  123. raise UnicodeError, "incomplete punicode string"
  124. return extpos + 1, None
  125. extpos += 1
  126. if 0x41 <= char <= 0x5A: # A-Z
  127. digit = char - 0x41
  128. elif 0x30 <= char <= 0x39:
  129. digit = char - 22 # 0x30-26
  130. elif errors == "strict":
  131. raise UnicodeError("Invalid extended code point '%s'"
  132. % extended[extpos])
  133. else:
  134. return extpos, None
  135. t = T(j, bias)
  136. result += digit * w
  137. if digit < t:
  138. return extpos, result
  139. w = w * (36 - t)
  140. j += 1
  141. def insertion_sort(base, extended, errors):
  142. """3.2 Insertion unsort coding"""
  143. char = 0x80
  144. pos = -1
  145. bias = 72
  146. extpos = 0
  147. while extpos < len(extended):
  148. newpos, delta = decode_generalized_number(extended, extpos,
  149. bias, errors)
  150. if delta is None:
  151. # There was an error in decoding. We can't continue because
  152. # synchronization is lost.
  153. return base
  154. pos += delta+1
  155. char += pos // (len(base) + 1)
  156. if char > 0x10FFFF:
  157. if errors == "strict":
  158. raise UnicodeError, ("Invalid character U+%x" % char)
  159. char = ord('?')
  160. pos = pos % (len(base) + 1)
  161. base = base[:pos] + unichr(char) + base[pos:]
  162. bias = adapt(delta, (extpos == 0), len(base))
  163. extpos = newpos
  164. return base
  165. def punycode_decode(text, errors):
  166. pos = text.rfind("-")
  167. if pos == -1:
  168. base = ""
  169. extended = text
  170. else:
  171. base = text[:pos]
  172. extended = text[pos+1:]
  173. base = unicode(base, "ascii", errors)
  174. extended = extended.upper()
  175. return insertion_sort(base, extended, errors)
  176. ### Codec APIs
  177. class Codec(codecs.Codec):
  178. def encode(self,input,errors='strict'):
  179. res = punycode_encode(input)
  180. return res, len(input)
  181. def decode(self,input,errors='strict'):
  182. if errors not in ('strict', 'replace', 'ignore'):
  183. raise UnicodeError, "Unsupported error handling "+errors
  184. res = punycode_decode(input, errors)
  185. return res, len(input)
  186. class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.IncrementalEncoder):
  187. def encode(self, input, final=False):
  188. return punycode_encode(input)
  189. class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.IncrementalDecoder):
  190. def decode(self, input, final=False):
  191. if self.errors not in ('strict', 'replace', 'ignore'):
  192. raise UnicodeError, "Unsupported error handling "+self.errors
  193. return punycode_decode(input, self.errors)
  194. class StreamWriter(Codec,codecs.StreamWriter):
  195. pass
  196. class StreamReader(Codec,codecs.StreamReader):
  197. pass
  198. ### encodings module API
  199. def getregentry():
  200. return codecs.CodecInfo(
  201. name='punycode',
  202. encode=Codec().encode,
  203. decode=Codec().decode,
  204. incrementalencoder=IncrementalEncoder,
  205. incrementaldecoder=IncrementalDecoder,
  206. streamwriter=StreamWriter,
  207. streamreader=StreamReader,
  208. )